译者 ringohan
India's Military Buildup
印度军事建设
China's new aircraft carrier -- actually just a refitted Gorbachev-era Soviet model purchased for $20 million from the Russians -- made international headlines when it began sea trials this year, signaling Beijing's growing military ambitions in East Asia. But it isn't the only Asian giant investing heavily in new military hardware. India has kept pace with its neighbor to the north and, in some areas, is actually exceeding it -- a development that, though much less noted, is a sign of the growing militarization of the region as a new generation of emerging powers with global ambitions jockeys for regional supremacy.
中国新建造的航空母舰，实际上是对用2000万美元买来的苏联戈尔巴乔夫时代航母的重新装修。今年，这艘航母开始海上试航，代表北京在东亚地区不断增长的军事雄心，一时间成为许多国际新闻的标题。但是，中国并不是唯一大规模投资与军事设施的亚洲大国，印度一直紧跟着其北方邻国的步伐，并且在诸多领域，实际上已经超过了中国——这一事态发展虽然没有引起足够的关注，但却标志着随着有着国际雄心新一代新兴大国角逐地区霸权，这一地区的军事化程度不断增长。
India is now the world's largest weapons importer, according to a 2011 report by arms watchdog SIPRI, accounting for 9 percent of the world's international arms transfers -- most from Russia -- between 2006 and 2010. India will spend an estimated $80 billion on military modernization programs by 2015, according to an estimate from the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
根据武器观察机构SIPRI(斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所)发表的报告，印度是目前世界上最大的武器进口国，占国际武器贸易的9%，主要是2006到2010年从俄国的武器进口。据总部设在华盛顿的“战略与国际研究中心”估计，到2015年，印度将在军事现代化方面花费近800亿美元。
In particular, India is focusing on sea power, a crucial new area of competition. The country is planning to spend almost $45 billion over the next 20 years on 103 new warships, including destroyers and nuclear submarines. By comparison, China's investment over the same period is projected to be around $25 billion for 135 vessels, according to data on both countries from maritime analysis firm AMI International.
尤其值得注意的是，印度将重点放在至关重要的竞争新领域海洋实力。在未来20年里，这个国家计划花费近450亿美元，购买103艘新的舰艇，包括驱逐舰与核动力潜艇。根据“AML国际”的海洋军事分析提供的数据，相比之下，中国在同一时期的投资计划约为250亿美元，135舰艇。
亚洲海军蓬勃发展
2011年到2030年计划的扩充规模
新舰只的数量：
中国：135；韩国：128,；印度：103
On top of long-running tensions with Pakistan and festering insurgencies by Kashmiri separatists and Maoist rebels, India's military planners are increasingly concerned about the prospect of military hostilities with China -- hence the new focus on naval power. For now, the United States seems much more comfortable with India's military ambitions than China's. The Pentagon's 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review welcomed "a more influential role in global affairs" for India, including in the Indian Ocean region. But there are some troubling signs that the area might not be big enough for two rising superpowers.
除了长期与巴基斯坦关系紧张，面临令人头疼的喀什米尔分裂主义及毛主义分子反叛活动之外，印度的军事计划人员越来越关心与中国军事对抗的前景，因此新的重心放在海军实力。就目前而言，与比中国的军事雄心的态度相比，美国似乎对于印度的军事雄心更为放心。五角大楼2010年季度国防评论，对印度在全球事务，包括在印度洋地区中发挥更有影响的作为表示欢迎。但是，存在某些令人不安的迹象，即对两个新兴超级大国来说，这一地区的竞争空间很可能远远不够。
In August, an unidentified Chinese warship confronted an Indian amphibious assault ship near the coast of Vietnam and demanded that it explain its presence in Chinese waters (the encounter took place in a disputed part of the South China Sea claimed by Vietnam). Thankfully, the situation resulted in nothing more than some testy public statements from officials in all three countries, but it was yet another sign of an increasingly militarized Asian seascape.
今年8月，一艘身份不明的中国军舰在越南海域附近与一艘印度双栖进攻舰不期而遇，中国要求印度解释为什么印度军舰出现在中国海域（这次相遇发生在南中国海存在争议而越南声称拥有主权的地区）。值得庆幸的是，这一事件的结果是三个国家只公开发表了某种试探性的声明，不过，仍然是亚洲海域越来越军事化的另一个迹象。
from 译言-每日精品译文推荐 http://article.yeeyan.org/view/100667/236556
